Traditional Uses

• Antioxidant
• Venous capillary disorders
• Diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration
• May help to prevent atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and cancer

Mode of Action

• Pine bark contains Flavonols, in particular proanthocyanidins which ;
  • increase intracellular vitamin C
  • decrease capillary permeability
  • decrease collagen destruction
  • scavenge free radicals
  • delay onset of lipid peroxidation

Drug Interactions

• No known drug interactions

Cautions

• None reported

Recommended Dose

• 25-150 mg once a day.(Dose may vary from brand to brand)

References

• Lewis, 1977; Passwater, 1996